Sunday, November 2, 2008
introdution
On April 7, 1915 a famous blues/ jazz singing was born Billie Holiday. Even though she was not given the name Billie Holiday instead given the name Eleanora Fagan Gough. Her parents was very young when she was born her mother only thirteen and father only fifteen they not married so she was given the mother’s last name. Her father was a trumpet player who called her bill because she was a tomboy so as time went on eventually she called herself Billie then taking her father last name given her the name Billie Holiday.
Revised Thesis statement
Billie Holiday was famous blues and jazz singer. Though her music she inspired many people and made many accomplishment. Though years and years she went though trial and error with some good out comes and not so good outcomes and her songs that she sang actually became her reality.
anntotations part 2 NHD
1) Lady Sings the BluesBillie Holiday, with William Duffy. New York: Penguin, 1995
This book explains Her recording career is divided into 3 periods. The first is the aforementioned period in the 1930s, recorded with Columbia, marked by her time with Wilson, Goodman, and Young. Her music was made for jukeboxes, but she turned them into jazz classics. Her popularity never matched her artistic success, but she was widely played on Armed Forces Radio during World War II. From this period came the anti-racism song Strange Fruit, in which she paints a terrifying picture of lynched black bodies hanging from trees. The lyrics of the song were adapted from a poem by Louis Allen.
2) Billie’s Blues: The Billie Holiday Story, 1933-1959Chilton John. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo, 1989.
T
his book tells how Billie Holiday worked with many jazz greats including Count Basie and Benny Goodman. She sang in small clubs, large concert halls, and the film New Orleans. She even arranged and composed her own songs such as "I Love My Man" and "God Bless the Child." Many people mourned the loss of "Lady Day" when she died in New York at the age of 44.
3) Wishing On the Moon: The Life and Times of Billie HolidayClarke Donald. New York: Penguin, 1995.This book explains how Billie made big transition in he life when she moved to New York City with her mother as a teenager, and began singing professionally around clubs in Harlem, turning heads and making her professional recording debut at age 18. Holiday's voice was unlike that of any other singer at the time, and remains unmatched in style. She never simply sang a melody, but made every song her own by changing phrasing, sharpening or dragging out diction, or adding a little drama to a not-too-dramatic tune. Her music is still enormously popular today.
4) The Billie Holiday Companion: Seven Decades of CommentaryGourse Leslie(ed.). New York: Macmillan, 1997.
This movie explains what she die before she became a singer she worked as a maid and then as a teenage prostitute. According to legend, in 1930 (at the age of 15), to keep her mother from being evicted, she sang Body and Soul and reduced the audience to tears. She began singing in bars and restaurants. Four years later, she made her first record with Benny GoodmanIn 1935, she got her big breakthrough when she recorded four sides, which featured What a Little Moonlight Can Do, and Miss Brown to You. She landed her own recording contract, and while the songs given to her were run-of-the-mill (versus the ones saved for the top white singers), she made the songs classics because of her singing ability.
5) Lady day The many faces of billie Holiday
Meally O’ Robert New York Da capo Press.1991
This book show many pictures tells of many stories of Billie it even tells of the lifetime as a figure of trouble . Lady day has secured a place in the pantheon of American icons. Pop history . Fed by her own autobiography , has canonzied her print and film as the image of the star-as-victim, the heroin addict and dupe of a succession of husband and managers who kept her singing to support themseleves.
This book explains Her recording career is divided into 3 periods. The first is the aforementioned period in the 1930s, recorded with Columbia, marked by her time with Wilson, Goodman, and Young. Her music was made for jukeboxes, but she turned them into jazz classics. Her popularity never matched her artistic success, but she was widely played on Armed Forces Radio during World War II. From this period came the anti-racism song Strange Fruit, in which she paints a terrifying picture of lynched black bodies hanging from trees. The lyrics of the song were adapted from a poem by Louis Allen.
2) Billie’s Blues: The Billie Holiday Story, 1933-1959Chilton John. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo, 1989.
T
his book tells how Billie Holiday worked with many jazz greats including Count Basie and Benny Goodman. She sang in small clubs, large concert halls, and the film New Orleans. She even arranged and composed her own songs such as "I Love My Man" and "God Bless the Child." Many people mourned the loss of "Lady Day" when she died in New York at the age of 44.
3) Wishing On the Moon: The Life and Times of Billie HolidayClarke Donald. New York: Penguin, 1995.This book explains how Billie made big transition in he life when she moved to New York City with her mother as a teenager, and began singing professionally around clubs in Harlem, turning heads and making her professional recording debut at age 18. Holiday's voice was unlike that of any other singer at the time, and remains unmatched in style. She never simply sang a melody, but made every song her own by changing phrasing, sharpening or dragging out diction, or adding a little drama to a not-too-dramatic tune. Her music is still enormously popular today.
4) The Billie Holiday Companion: Seven Decades of CommentaryGourse Leslie(ed.). New York: Macmillan, 1997.
This movie explains what she die before she became a singer she worked as a maid and then as a teenage prostitute. According to legend, in 1930 (at the age of 15), to keep her mother from being evicted, she sang Body and Soul and reduced the audience to tears. She began singing in bars and restaurants. Four years later, she made her first record with Benny GoodmanIn 1935, she got her big breakthrough when she recorded four sides, which featured What a Little Moonlight Can Do, and Miss Brown to You. She landed her own recording contract, and while the songs given to her were run-of-the-mill (versus the ones saved for the top white singers), she made the songs classics because of her singing ability.
5) Lady day The many faces of billie Holiday
Meally O’ Robert New York Da capo Press.1991
This book show many pictures tells of many stories of Billie it even tells of the lifetime as a figure of trouble . Lady day has secured a place in the pantheon of American icons. Pop history . Fed by her own autobiography , has canonzied her print and film as the image of the star-as-victim, the heroin addict and dupe of a succession of husband and managers who kept her singing to support themseleves.
Thursday, October 30, 2008
Thesis statement (NHD)
Billie Holiday was famous blues singer. Though her music she inspired many people and made many accomplishment. The most biggest important accomplishment in her life was getting over the abuse that she had up growing as a child. Though years and years she went though trial and error with some good out comes and not so good outcomes and her songs that she sang actually became her reality. Giving her the name the lady who sings the blues.
Saturday, October 25, 2008
First annotations
1) Mancini, Laura , the official site of lady day 10-09-2007 Theatre of the Clock10/16/08
http://www.cmgww.com/music/holiday/
This website shows how Billie holiday music was and how it changed peoples lives Billie Holiday was a true artist of her day and rose as a social phenomenon in the 1950s. Her soulful, unique singing voice and her ability to boldly turn any material that she confronted into her own music made her a superstar of her time. Today, Holiday is remembered for her masterpieces, creativity and vivacity, as many of Holiday's songs are as well known today as they were decades ago. Holiday's poignant voice is still considered to be one of the greatest jazz voices of all time.
2) knob, Robert , Bio true story © 2008 A&E Television Networks.10/16/08
http://www.biography.com/search/article.do?id=9341902&page=3
This website tells about Holidays childhood and how it effect her life later on in life. Holiday spent much of her childhood in Baltimore, Maryland. Her mother, Sadie, was only a teenager when she had her. Her father is widely believed to be Clarence Holiday, who eventually became a successful jazz musician, playing with the likes of Fletcher Henderson. Unfortunately for Billie, he was only an infrequent visitor in her life growing up. Sadie married Philip Gough in 1920 and for a few years Billie had a somewhat stable home life. But that marriage ended a few years later, leaving Billie and Sadie to struggle along on their own again. Sometimes Billie was left in the care of other people
3)Walter .P Rosalind, American masters ©2008 Educational Broadcasting Corporation 10/16/08
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/episodes/billie-holiday/about-the-singer/68/
This website show how Holiday started singing . Holiday looked for work as a dancer at a Harlem speakeasy. When there wasn’t an opening for a dancer, she auditioned as a singer. Long interested in both jazz and blues, Holiday wowed the owner and found herself singing at the popular Pod and Jerry’s Log Cabin. This led to a number of other jobs in Harlem jazz clubs, and by 1933 she had her first major breakthrough. She was only twenty when the well-connected jazz writer and producer John Hammond heard her fill in for a better-known performer. Soon after, he reported that she was the greatest singer he had ever heard. Her bluesy vocal style brought a slow and rough quality to the jazz standards that were often upbeat and light. This combination made for poignant and distinctive renditions of songs that were already standards. By slowing the tone with emotive vocals that reset the timing and rhythm, she added a new dimension to jazz singing
4) Morre, Andrew, Induction Category: Early Influence © Copyright 2007. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum, Inc 10/20/08
http://www.rockhall.com/inductee/billie-holiday
This website explains how Billie Holiday was the pre-eminent jazz singer of her day and among the most revered vocalists of the century. It tells that though her brief life was fraught with tragedy, Holiday left a transcendent legacy of recorded work. Her pearly voice, influenced the likes of Janis Joplin and Diana Ross, among others. She performed and recorded in a jazzy "swing-sing" style from 1933 to 1958 with pianist-bandleaders Benny Goodman, Teddy Wilson, Count Basie, Artie Shaw, and others. She was closely associated with tenor saxophonist Lester "Prez" Young, who dubbed her "Lady Day."
5) Hunstein Don, Lady Day: The Complete Billie Holiday on Columbia 1933– 1944 Copyright © 2008 10/20/08
this website explains that From 1933 to 1942 Holiday recorded on the ARC subsidiaries Brunswick, Columbia, and Vocalion. In these early she recorded there is youthful exuberance but not innocence. Her version of "No Regrets" is not sung by the sad, nostalgic persona so often invoked by the lyrics. Instead she asserts, I'm not looking back, it was good, it's over, I'm moving on. She opens both the first and second choruses with an emphatic, staccato "No regrets
http://www.cmgww.com/music/holiday/
This website shows how Billie holiday music was and how it changed peoples lives Billie Holiday was a true artist of her day and rose as a social phenomenon in the 1950s. Her soulful, unique singing voice and her ability to boldly turn any material that she confronted into her own music made her a superstar of her time. Today, Holiday is remembered for her masterpieces, creativity and vivacity, as many of Holiday's songs are as well known today as they were decades ago. Holiday's poignant voice is still considered to be one of the greatest jazz voices of all time.
2) knob, Robert , Bio true story © 2008 A&E Television Networks.10/16/08
http://www.biography.com/search/article.do?id=9341902&page=3
This website tells about Holidays childhood and how it effect her life later on in life. Holiday spent much of her childhood in Baltimore, Maryland. Her mother, Sadie, was only a teenager when she had her. Her father is widely believed to be Clarence Holiday, who eventually became a successful jazz musician, playing with the likes of Fletcher Henderson. Unfortunately for Billie, he was only an infrequent visitor in her life growing up. Sadie married Philip Gough in 1920 and for a few years Billie had a somewhat stable home life. But that marriage ended a few years later, leaving Billie and Sadie to struggle along on their own again. Sometimes Billie was left in the care of other people
3)Walter .P Rosalind, American masters ©2008 Educational Broadcasting Corporation 10/16/08
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/episodes/billie-holiday/about-the-singer/68/
This website show how Holiday started singing . Holiday looked for work as a dancer at a Harlem speakeasy. When there wasn’t an opening for a dancer, she auditioned as a singer. Long interested in both jazz and blues, Holiday wowed the owner and found herself singing at the popular Pod and Jerry’s Log Cabin. This led to a number of other jobs in Harlem jazz clubs, and by 1933 she had her first major breakthrough. She was only twenty when the well-connected jazz writer and producer John Hammond heard her fill in for a better-known performer. Soon after, he reported that she was the greatest singer he had ever heard. Her bluesy vocal style brought a slow and rough quality to the jazz standards that were often upbeat and light. This combination made for poignant and distinctive renditions of songs that were already standards. By slowing the tone with emotive vocals that reset the timing and rhythm, she added a new dimension to jazz singing
4) Morre, Andrew, Induction Category: Early Influence © Copyright 2007. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum, Inc 10/20/08
http://www.rockhall.com/inductee/billie-holiday
This website explains how Billie Holiday was the pre-eminent jazz singer of her day and among the most revered vocalists of the century. It tells that though her brief life was fraught with tragedy, Holiday left a transcendent legacy of recorded work. Her pearly voice, influenced the likes of Janis Joplin and Diana Ross, among others. She performed and recorded in a jazzy "swing-sing" style from 1933 to 1958 with pianist-bandleaders Benny Goodman, Teddy Wilson, Count Basie, Artie Shaw, and others. She was closely associated with tenor saxophonist Lester "Prez" Young, who dubbed her "Lady Day."
5) Hunstein Don, Lady Day: The Complete Billie Holiday on Columbia 1933– 1944 Copyright © 2008 10/20/08
this website explains that From 1933 to 1942 Holiday recorded on the ARC subsidiaries Brunswick, Columbia, and Vocalion. In these early she recorded there is youthful exuberance but not innocence. Her version of "No Regrets" is not sung by the sad, nostalgic persona so often invoked by the lyrics. Instead she asserts, I'm not looking back, it was good, it's over, I'm moving on. She opens both the first and second choruses with an emphatic, staccato "No regrets
Friday, October 24, 2008
Thursday, October 16, 2008
my Nhd project
For my Nhd project I will be doing Billie hoilday. Billie hoilday was one oof the great jazz singers of all time. The reason why I am doing my project on billie hoilday because I believe that she was inspiring and dispike all she over rided her problem. She preformed with famous people such as bessie smith and armstrong. Hoilday has been was an influenced on many other performers who has followed in her footstep thats is why i abmire her.
Friday, June 6, 2008
Service learning reflection
This year in service learning was my very first it was very difficult at first and it still kind of is but we still don't know what we are doing but it is not as difficult as it was before. I think next year I am not going to let Mrs. Thompson talk me into a group that i don't want to be in instead I think for myself because I might get stuck like i did this year.
Friday, May 30, 2008
service learning part 7
This service learning week i wasn't here but heared from my group that we go split up in 3 groups and you have to write a propose on what we want to do for your group to Dr. Davids. Hopefully my group has think up something since I wasn't here that day and Will get in touch with them soon on how and what are you going to do.
Monday, May 19, 2008
Service learning part 6
Well last time we meet in service learning it didn't kind of go as plan as want it to because of fact since our group is called school becautifultion / garden group there some sort of mix up the sepration of the title of the group so that caused the group to be spilt up to two. so becautifulion stayed behind and decide what they wanted to do with there group and while the garden group went to the constitution center and since i was in the becautifulion i had to stay behind with my group. Surprisly Ms. Thompson had gotten a little upset at us because we dont know what we want to with are group. So in return she try to spilt our group up to go to different service learning groups. I decide that maybe this group not for me and its time for me to choose another group if its not o late, Unless things change.
Monday, May 12, 2008
service learning part5
- Reflection
Well this time in service learning we didn't really accomplish anything but talked about were the flowers were going to planted and how much money was it going to cost.
- This week
- Other groups
- My Friend caiarh is making business cards on child car safety which her group will be handing out to people as emergency contact cards.
- My other Korin raise money for hurricane katrineta with making a design of a 100 dollar bill.
- Another friend of mine name shani is raising money for people with cancer.
Thursday, May 8, 2008
Thursday, May 1, 2008
service part 3 plan and reflections
Last week we talk about what roles we were going to play in are group . you could be a runner which runs places to place , a photographer that would take pics of what we were doing and a ogranizer etc. This week are going to the Constitution center and I really don't know why but hopefully it is something interesting.
Thursday, April 17, 2008
last week service learning
For last week learning we discuss topics of having lounge for student and micowaves for student, but it really wasn't productive because some people were talking and laugh but it was still fun being around my friends. I really don't like the fact that are group got seperated into a and b group because now I am in a group full of weridos and nobodies.
Tuesday, March 4, 2008
service learning
For my service learning project I have already done and finish it . What I did was work at the school as a interviewer for the 8th graders that are interested in becoming a 9th the to our school.
But here are some of the ideas I had in mind
Independent Service
• Work at a nursing home like for istance play games with them or do actives as such
• Work with little children by teaching how to read and maybe even their homework even.
• Work at soup kitchen
• File paper work in a office
• Help stack books at t he library
School wide
• Raise money for a school event
• Tutor someone
• Paint and or clean the School
• Give ideas to a event to that is come up in the school
• Plane a event where you have to have a food drive
• Give shoes to African children by a school drive
But here are some of the ideas I had in mind
Independent Service
• Work at a nursing home like for istance play games with them or do actives as such
• Work with little children by teaching how to read and maybe even their homework even.
• Work at soup kitchen
• File paper work in a office
• Help stack books at t he library
School wide
• Raise money for a school event
• Tutor someone
• Paint and or clean the School
• Give ideas to a event to that is come up in the school
• Plane a event where you have to have a food drive
• Give shoes to African children by a school drive
Tuesday, February 26, 2008
Reflection on NHD
I never new what NHD was until i went I came here and i wish it was kept that way too . This was the most difficult time it my school year i every had. Time management didn't work , I hated doing the biblogpholys and all that research. There were many people complaining about there group and or partners. I was happy that I was working by myself doing a paper. My topic was the articles of the Confederation Journey to our Constitution. It was easy doing a paper but i do next time i want to work with others hopefully. I think what i i will do next year is work on the project early like in november or maybe even before then and I think i would like to do a display ,But what even i do I hope next time i get to too advance.
Thursday, January 17, 2008
For Romero
Dear Mr. Romero
There many people that do good in this world and get recognize for doing so. While there are others that do good in this world and don’t get recognize for their good. That is why I am writing this letter to you I believe that in your class I deserve an A here some good reason into persuading why.
Ever Since the being of the year of your class I have always been helpful, hardworking and followed direction. I never acted up in you class or talk too much you class is always fun and exciting. I learn so much in class this year, such as to take three or more column notes. Those really came in handy especially when compare to story into a essay. I also learn to form questions using the 6 levels of bloom taxonomy after reading a story.
There many things I may have learn this pass year with but the most thing I will never for get is that learn was what you told me I will learn for you which is more about myself. Before writing to me was just class that I could get a easy A but I realize that it is so much more. Through writing I learn how to express myself to a character point of view instead of just writing boarding story. Writing to me has now has become one of my hobbies that enjoy doing . It’s even one the things I want do when I
grow up, which is write but think I might I have to work on my editing first
before
Mr .Romero there are many other things I learn in you class like for insist using a voice in you writing and making sure you use details and transitions, but that things that off the top of my head. Even through I am leaving you this year and won’t be returning until next year I will take on everything I learn and use it o in my future writing.
Sincerely
Zoey Frakes
Ps. I hope you think long and hard about my grade and what it should be which is an A.
There many people that do good in this world and get recognize for doing so. While there are others that do good in this world and don’t get recognize for their good. That is why I am writing this letter to you I believe that in your class I deserve an A here some good reason into persuading why.
Ever Since the being of the year of your class I have always been helpful, hardworking and followed direction. I never acted up in you class or talk too much you class is always fun and exciting. I learn so much in class this year, such as to take three or more column notes. Those really came in handy especially when compare to story into a essay. I also learn to form questions using the 6 levels of bloom taxonomy after reading a story.
There many things I may have learn this pass year with but the most thing I will never for get is that learn was what you told me I will learn for you which is more about myself. Before writing to me was just class that I could get a easy A but I realize that it is so much more. Through writing I learn how to express myself to a character point of view instead of just writing boarding story. Writing to me has now has become one of my hobbies that enjoy doing . It’s even one the things I want do when I
grow up, which is write but think I might I have to work on my editing first
before
Mr .Romero there are many other things I learn in you class like for insist using a voice in you writing and making sure you use details and transitions, but that things that off the top of my head. Even through I am leaving you this year and won’t be returning until next year I will take on everything I learn and use it o in my future writing.
Sincerely
Zoey Frakes
Ps. I hope you think long and hard about my grade and what it should be which is an A.
Wednesday, January 16, 2008
Saturday, January 12, 2008
Frederick Douglass
The are a lot of famous writers but one the most greatest and oldest writer that comes to mine for me is Frederick Douglass. Douglass is one of the most well know writer but of the journey that he had to go through to get to becoming writer, In fact one of the people that made way for other black writer today. Now douglas history starts on 1818 in the month of February the day unknown the day he was born . His birth name was Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey Douglass was part of a large family and his father was believe to be his master and his mother was a slave. He was born on the eastern shore of Maryland. Douglas had a happy childhood growing up he mostly lived with his aunt Bestey.
As you know Frederick was born in slavery but at age 20 , he escaped in 1838, he escaped to freedom in New York.. Right after Douglass escaped he choose to start his new life with new last name that he choose from the book The lady of the lake . He then became American anti-slavery leaders. A few years later he went to work for abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison. traveling and speaking on behalf of Garrison's paper The Liberator Douglass published his memoir Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass , an American Slave in 1845.
As the years went on Douglass gained fame as a speaker, began his own anti-slavery publications and became a 'conductor' on the Underground Railroad. Then later on he Douglass married Anna Murray, a free black woman, shortly after his escape from slavery in 1838 they had four children. In later years he became a personal friend of Abraham Lincoln and helped persuade Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation. He also was a strong supporter of women's rights. He is often described as the founder of the American civil rights movement. Then in 1895 Douglass die due to a heart attack. Douglass was best know as a smart and determine. He always Fought for what he believe in and never give up.
As you know Frederick was born in slavery but at age 20 , he escaped in 1838, he escaped to freedom in New York.. Right after Douglass escaped he choose to start his new life with new last name that he choose from the book The lady of the lake . He then became American anti-slavery leaders. A few years later he went to work for abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison. traveling and speaking on behalf of Garrison's paper The Liberator Douglass published his memoir Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass , an American Slave in 1845.
As the years went on Douglass gained fame as a speaker, began his own anti-slavery publications and became a 'conductor' on the Underground Railroad. Then later on he Douglass married Anna Murray, a free black woman, shortly after his escape from slavery in 1838 they had four children. In later years he became a personal friend of Abraham Lincoln and helped persuade Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation. He also was a strong supporter of women's rights. He is often described as the founder of the American civil rights movement. Then in 1895 Douglass die due to a heart attack. Douglass was best know as a smart and determine. He always Fought for what he believe in and never give up.
Thursday, January 10, 2008
At What Ages Should Teenagers Date?
In the book Huckleberry Finn the chapter 17 and 18 tell a story of two teenagers that were in love but their family dislike each other and were rivals. It’s basically like a mini Romeo and Juilet story with killing, romance and whole brunch of drama. In that cruelist time the two teenagers still find it in themselves to love each other despite there families difference. Teenage love is a romantic thing that everyone should experience. And maybe that person that ends up being you teenager love might end up being you true love. But what age should a teenager date well I believe they should date at the age the starting age 13 or 14 . So here are some great reason why date should be at 13 and 14.
One reason why you should start dating at the age 13 or 14 is middle school and high there are a lot of dance such as prom, homecoming and sockhop etc. That teenager mostly might want to go on those dance s with a date. So to not go with just a complete stranger you might want to get to know that person. I Know I would.
So in my defense I believe Teenager should be able to date at the starting age of 13 or 14. But I also believe that it depends upon the person wheather or not that person is moreture to date or not.when dating at the age of 13 your officially a teenager and mostly being treated with a little bit Indepenance and probably want to start do what most teenagers do. Like hangout with you friends and not be around you friends. So why not let a teenager take on a lover you only have one shot at love why not take it a young age that will last.
One reason why you should start dating at the age 13 or 14 is middle school and high there are a lot of dance such as prom, homecoming and sockhop etc. That teenager mostly might want to go on those dance s with a date. So to not go with just a complete stranger you might want to get to know that person. I Know I would.
So in my defense I believe Teenager should be able to date at the starting age of 13 or 14. But I also believe that it depends upon the person wheather or not that person is moreture to date or not.when dating at the age of 13 your officially a teenager and mostly being treated with a little bit Indepenance and probably want to start do what most teenagers do. Like hangout with you friends and not be around you friends. So why not let a teenager take on a lover you only have one shot at love why not take it a young age that will last.
At What Ages Should Teenagers Date?
This essay that you are about to read is my opinion on what age a teenager should start dating. There might be a couple of miss spelled words but think you can get the point across. So hope you like it because I sure like right it.
Tuesday, January 8, 2008
links for NDH
http://home.earthlink.net/~gfeldmeth/chart.art.html
http://www.earlyamerica.com/earlyamerica/milestones/articles/
http://elsinore.cis.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/artconf.htm
http://www.barefootsworld.net/aoc1777.html
http://www.socialstudiesforkids.com/subjects/articlesofconfederation.htm
http://www.earlyamerica.com/earlyamerica/milestones/articles/
http://elsinore.cis.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/artconf.htm
http://www.barefootsworld.net/aoc1777.html
http://www.socialstudiesforkids.com/subjects/articlesofconfederation.htm
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